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Author SHA1 Message Date
4f0710f9ff Adjust theorem numbering. 2020-01-27 18:11:09 +00:00
0065489933 Progress and preservation 2020-01-27 17:31:47 +00:00
c1df6ed862 Unique decomposition. 2020-01-27 16:37:19 +00:00
2 changed files with 85 additions and 7 deletions

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@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@
\newcommand{\LabelCat}{\CatName{Label}} \newcommand{\LabelCat}{\CatName{Label}}
\newcommand{\TyEnvCat}{\CatName{TyEnv}} \newcommand{\TyEnvCat}{\CatName{TyEnv}}
\newcommand{\KindEnvCat}{\CatName{KindEnv}} \newcommand{\KindEnvCat}{\CatName{KindEnv}}
\newcommand{\EvalCat}{\CatName{Cont}}
%% %%
%% Lindley's array stuff. %% Lindley's array stuff.

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@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
%% %%
%% Theorem environments %% Theorem environments
%% %%
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section] \newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[chapter]
\newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma} \newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma}
\newtheorem{proposition}[theorem]{Proposition} \newtheorem{proposition}[theorem]{Proposition}
\newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollary} \newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollary}
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ that the binder $x : A$.
\EC[M] &\reducesto& \EC[N], \hfill\quad \text{if } M \reducesto N \\ \EC[M] &\reducesto& \EC[N], \hfill\quad \text{if } M \reducesto N \\
\end{reductions} \end{reductions}
\begin{syntax} \begin{syntax}
\slab{Evaluation contexts} & \mathcal{E} &::=& [\,] \mid \Let \; x \revto \mathcal{E} \; \In \; N \slab{Evaluation contexts} & \mathcal{E} \in \EvalCat &::=& [\,] \mid \Let \; x \revto \mathcal{E} \; \In \; N
\end{syntax} \end{syntax}
%%\[ %%\[
% Evaluation context lift % Evaluation context lift
@@ -1022,12 +1022,12 @@ semantics of \BCalc{}. In this section, we finish the definition of
about the language. about the language.
% %
We begin by showing that type substitutions preserve typability. We begin by showing that substitutions preserve typability.
% %
\begin{lemma}[Preservation of typing under type substitution] \begin{lemma}[Preservation of typing under substitution]\label{lem:base-language-subst}
Let $\sigma$ be any type substitution and $V$ be a value and $M$ a Let $\sigma$ be any type substitution and $V \in \ValCat$ be any
computation such that $\typ{\Delta;\Gamma}{V : A}$ and value and $M \in \CompCat$ a computation such that
$\typ{\Delta;\Gamma}{M : C}$, then $\typ{\Delta;\Gamma}{V : A}$ and $\typ{\Delta;\Gamma}{M : C}$, then
$\typ{\Delta;\sigma~\Gamma}{\sigma~V : \sigma~A}$ and $\typ{\Delta;\sigma~\Gamma}{\sigma~V : \sigma~A}$ and
$\typ{\Delta;\sigma~\Gamma}{\sigma~M : \sigma~C}$. $\typ{\Delta;\sigma~\Gamma}{\sigma~M : \sigma~C}$.
\end{lemma} \end{lemma}
@@ -1036,6 +1036,83 @@ We begin by showing that type substitutions preserve typability.
By induction on the typing derivations. By induction on the typing derivations.
\end{proof} \end{proof}
% %
\dhil{It is clear to me at this point, that I want to coalesce the
substitution functions. Possibly define them as maps rather than ordinary functions.}
The reduction semantics satisfy a \emph{unique decomposition}
property, which guarantees the existence and uniqueness of complete
decomposition for arbitrary computation terms into evaluation
contexts.
%
\begin{lemma}[Unique decomposition]\label{lem:base-language-uniq-decomp}
For any computation $M \in \CompCat$ it holds that $M$ is either
stuck or there exists a unique evaluation context $\EC \in \EvalCat$
and a redex $N \in \CompCat$ such that $M = \EC[N]$.
\end{lemma}
%
\begin{proof}
By structural induction on $M$.
\begin{description}
\item[Base step] $M = N$ where $N$ is either $\Return\;V$,
$\Absurd^C\;V$, $V\,W$, or $V\,T$. In either case take
$\EC = [\,]$ such that $M = \EC[N]$.
\item[Inductive step]
%
There are several cases to consider. In each case we must find an
evaluation context $\EC$ and a computation term $M'$ such that
$M = \EC[M']$.
\begin{itemize}
\item[Case] $M = \Let\;\Record{\ell = x; y} = V\;\In\;N$: Take $\EC = [\,]$ such that $M = \EC[\Let\;\Record{\ell = x; y} = V\;\In\;N]$.
\item[Case] $M = \Case\;V\,\{\ell\,x \mapsto M'; y \mapsto N\}$:
Take $\EC = [\,]$ such that
$M = \EC[\Case\;V\,\{\ell\,x \mapsto M'; y \mapsto N\}]$.
\item[Case] $M = \Let\;x \revto M' \;\In\;N$: By the induction
hypothesis it follows that $M'$ is either stuck or it
decomposes (uniquely) into an evaluation context $\EC'$ and a
redex $N'$. If $M$ is stuck, then take
$\EC = \Let\;x \revto [\,] \;\In\;N$ such that $M =
\EC[M']$. Otherwise take $\EC = \Let\;x \revto \EC'\;\In\;N$
such that $M = \EC[N']$.
\end{itemize}
\end{description}
\end{proof}
%
The calculus enjoys a rather strong \emph{progress} property, which
states that \emph{every} closed computation term reduces to a trivial
computation term $\Return\;V$ for some value $V$. In other words, any
realisable function in \BCalc{} is effect-free and total.
%
\begin{definition}[Computation normal form]\label{def:base-language-comp-normal}
A computation $M \in \CompCat$ is said to be \emph{normal} if it is
of the form $\Return\; V$ for some value $V \in \ValCat$.
\end{definition}
%
\begin{theorem}[Progress]\label{thm:base-language-progress}
Suppose $\typ{}{M : A}$, then there exists $\typ{}{N : A}$, such
that $M \reducesto^\ast N$ and $N$ is normal.
\end{theorem}
%
\begin{proof}
Proof by induction on typing derivations.
\end{proof}
%
\begin{corollary}
\BCalc{} is total.
\end{corollary}
%
The calculus also satisfies the \emph{preservation} property,
which states that if some computation $M$ is well-typed and reduces to
some other computation $M'$, then $M'$ is also well-typed.
%
\begin{theorem}[Preservation]\label{thm:base-language-preservation}
Suppose $\typ{\Gamma}{M : A}$ and $M \reducesto M'$, then
$\typ{\Gamma}{M' : A}$.
\end{theorem}
%
\begin{proof}
Proof by induction on typing derivations.
\end{proof}
\section{Primitive effect: general recursion} \section{Primitive effect: general recursion}
\label{sec:base-language-recursion} \label{sec:base-language-recursion}